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Built-in Modules in Python 

Built-in modules are modules that come pre-installed with Python. You do not need to install them separately. They provide ready-made functions and classes to perform common tasks such as mathematics, date handling, file operations, and system interaction.

You can use them in a program using the import statement.

import module_name

Example:

import math
print(math.sqrt(25))

Output:

5.0

Common Built-in Modules in Python

1. math Module 

Provides mathematical functions.

Example:

import math

print(math.sqrt(16))
print(math.factorial(5))
print(math.pi)

Functions:

  • sqrt() – Square root

  • factorial() – Factorial value

  • pi – Value of π

  • pow() – Power calculation

2. random Module 

Used to generate random numbers.

Example:

import random

print(random.randint(1,10))
print(random.choice([10,20,30,40]))

Functions:

  • randint() – Random integer

  • choice() – Random selection

  • random() – Random float

3. datetime Module 

Used for date and time operations.

Example:

from datetime import datetime

now = datetime.now()
print("Current Date and Time:", now)

Functions:

  • datetime.now() – Current date and time

  • date.today() – Current date

4. time Module 

Used to work with time and delays.

Example:

import time

print("Start")
time.sleep(2)
print("End")

Function:

  • sleep() – Pause execution

5. sys Module 

Used for system-specific operations.

Example:

import sys

print(sys.version)

Uses:

  • Python version

  • Command line arguments

6. os Module 

Used for interacting with the operating system.

Example:

import os

print(os.getcwd())

Functions:

  • getcwd() – Current directory

  • mkdir() – Create folder

  • remove() – Delete file

Summary Table

ModulePurpose
mathMathematical operations
randomRandom number generation
datetimeDate and time handling
timeTime related functions
sysSystem operations
osOperating system interaction

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